U.S. data centers consume 176 terawatt-hours annually as of 2023 — 4.4 percent of national electricity — and could reach 325 to 580 terawatt-hours by 2028. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory traces the surge to GPU-accelerated servers for AI, which ended a decade of flat energy use that began around 2010.
LBNL – U.S. Data Center Energy Usage Report
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